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        <p>在上一篇的文章中，学习了 TypeScript 的基本知识，以及 TS 在 React中的基本使用方法。在本文中，我们深入了解 TS在 React 中的实践。本文将采用 ant-design 作为基础的 UI 框架。</p>
<a id="more"></a>

<h2 id="一、用-TS-创建-React-的-SFC-无状态组件"><a href="#一、用-TS-创建-React-的-SFC-无状态组件" class="headerlink" title="一、用 TS 创建 React 的 SFC(无状态组件)"></a>一、用 TS 创建 React 的 SFC(无状态组件)</h2><p>在本次实践中，我们基于 antd 创建一个统一的 Input Form组件。该组件可以同时支持基本 Input、InputNumber和 Input.Text,我们将定义 <code>elementTypeEnum</code>来判断该使用哪个输入组件。</p>
<p>1、引入 antd 的 <code>Form, Input, InputNumber</code>组件（HXInputItem）</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> &#123; Form, Input, InputNumber &#125; <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"antd"</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>2、定义输入类型的枚举</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">enum elementTypeEnum &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    normal = <span class="string">"normal"</span>,<span class="comment">//普通的字符串输入</span></span><br><span class="line">    number = <span class="string">"number"</span>,<span class="comment">//数字输入，对应antd的 InputNumber</span></span><br><span class="line">    text = <span class="string">"text"</span><span class="comment">//文本输入，对应 antd 的 Input.Text</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>3、创建 HXInputItem 的属性声明</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">interface HXInputProps &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    label: string;<span class="comment">//输入框的标签</span></span><br><span class="line">    name: string;<span class="comment">//输入框的变量名</span></span><br><span class="line">    getFieldDecorator: <span class="function">(<span class="params">name, options</span>) =&gt;</span> any;<span class="comment">//antd 的 Form 装饰器</span></span><br><span class="line">    fieldDecoratorOptions: object;<span class="comment">//antd Form 的表单域配置</span></span><br><span class="line">    formLayout?: object;<span class="comment">//antd 的 formLayout</span></span><br><span class="line">    inputProps?: object;<span class="comment">//对应 antd 的输入框的属性配置</span></span><br><span class="line">    formItemProps?: object;<span class="comment">//antd的 Form.Item的属性配置</span></span><br><span class="line">    elementType?: elementTypeEnum;<span class="comment">//表示使用哪种输入组件，默认normal</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>4、创建 HXInputItem的 SFC</p>
<p>这一步非常重要，跟普通 React创建 SFC 有点区别。具体用法如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> HXInputItem: React.SFC&lt;HXInputProps&gt; = <span class="function"><span class="params">props</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>可以看到在 TS 创建 SFC 需要使用 <code>React.SFC</code>属性，否则无法创建成功。</p>
<p>5、填充我们的 HXInputItem SFC</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//把当前传入的属性通过解构获取。</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        label,</span><br><span class="line">        name,</span><br><span class="line">        getFieldDecorator,</span><br><span class="line">        formLayout,</span><br><span class="line">        fieldDecoratorOptions,</span><br><span class="line">        inputProps,</span><br><span class="line">        formItemProps,</span><br><span class="line">        elementType</span><br><span class="line">    &#125; = props;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> (</span><br><span class="line">        &lt;FormItem</span><br><span class="line">            &#123;...formLayout&#125;</span><br><span class="line">            label=&#123;&lt;span className=<span class="string">"form-label-text"</span>&gt;&#123;label&#125;&lt;<span class="regexp">/span&gt;&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp">            colon=&#123;false&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp">            hasFeedback</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp">            &#123;...formItemProps&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp">        &gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp">            &#123;getFieldDecorator(name, fieldDecoratorOptions)(</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp">                elementType === "normal" ? (</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp">                    &lt;Input &#123;...inputProps&#125; /</span>&gt;</span><br><span class="line">                ) : elementType === <span class="string">"number"</span> ? (</span><br><span class="line">                    &lt;InputNumber &#123;...inputProps&#125; /&gt;</span><br><span class="line">                ) : (</span><br><span class="line">                    &lt;Input.TextArea rows=&#123;<span class="number">5</span>&#125; key=&#123;name&#125; &#123;...inputProps&#125; /&gt;</span><br><span class="line">                )</span><br><span class="line">            )&#125;</span><br><span class="line">        &lt;<span class="regexp">/FormItem&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp">    );</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>通过<code>elementType</code>的值，调用不同的antd 中的输入组件，在项目中只引入当前SFC即可，让开发更加便利，快速和统一。若在以后的开发过程，存在特殊的需要，稍微兼容改造一下该组件即可，减少代码量。</p>
<p>6、声明该 SFC 的默认属性</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">HXInputItem.defaultProps = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    elementType: elementTypeEnum.normal</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>7、导出该组件</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">export default HXInputItem;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h1 id="二、用TS-加载远程数据-fetch-Api"><a href="#二、用TS-加载远程数据-fetch-Api" class="headerlink" title="二、用TS 加载远程数据(fetch Api)"></a>二、用TS 加载远程数据(fetch Api)</h1><p>1、定义 http Response 的 Interface</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> interface IRestRes &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    message?: string | <span class="literal">null</span>;<span class="comment">//可以是 undefined、null、string类型，</span></span><br><span class="line">    code?: number;</span><br><span class="line">    filename?: string | <span class="literal">null</span>;<span class="comment">//请求文件时的文件名</span></span><br><span class="line">    data?: any;<span class="comment">//普通 JSON 数据、file 二进制数据</span></span><br><span class="line">    loginAccount?: string;</span><br><span class="line">    name?: string;</span><br><span class="line">    roles?: <span class="built_in">Array</span>&lt;string&gt;;<span class="comment">// 可以是undefined、字符串的数组</span></span><br><span class="line">    token?: string;</span><br><span class="line">    type?: string | <span class="literal">null</span>;</span><br><span class="line">    total?: number;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>2、定义统一的获取 JSON 数据的 fetch 方法</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* @desc 所有fetch请求的json 数据的基础；</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">  @author qimajiang  </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* @param options object</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* @param url stirng</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* @return IRestRes   Promise</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">*/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> initialFetch = (url:string, <span class="attr">options</span>:<span class="built_in">Object</span>): <span class="built_in">Promise</span>&lt;IRestRes&gt; =&gt; &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Promise</span>(<span class="function">(<span class="params">resolve, reject</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">const</span> finalOpts = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            headers: <span class="keyword">new</span> Headers(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">                Authorization: myToken,<span class="comment">//登录后需要传入该 header</span></span><br><span class="line">            &#125;),</span><br><span class="line">            ...options</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">        fetch(url, finalOpts)</span><br><span class="line">            .then(<span class="function"><span class="params">res</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(res);</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">return</span> res.text();</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">            .then(<span class="function"><span class="params">text</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment">// <span class="doctag">TODO:</span>拦截所有响应， 处理 token 失效等情况 responseMiddleware</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">const</span> resJson = text ? <span class="built_in">JSON</span>.parse(text) : &#123;&#125;;</span><br><span class="line">                resolve(resJson <span class="keyword">as</span> IRestRes);<span class="comment">//将响应数据转换为IRestRes</span></span><br><span class="line">            &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">            .catch(<span class="function"><span class="params">e</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                reject(e);<span class="comment">//请求失败的错误捕捉</span></span><br><span class="line">            &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>3、使用 fetch 的 get方法，请求JSON 数据</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">通用 fetchGetJson</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">*/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> fetchGetRequest = (api:string, params?:<span class="built_in">Object</span>): <span class="built_in">Promise</span>&lt;IRestRes&gt; =&gt; &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Promise</span>(<span class="function">(<span class="params">resolve, reject</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">let</span> url = <span class="keyword">new</span> URL(api);<span class="comment">//构造url</span></span><br><span class="line">        url.search = <span class="keyword">new</span> URLSearchParams(params);<span class="comment">//构造 search</span></span><br><span class="line">        initialFetch(url, &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            method: <span class="string">"GET"</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">            .then(<span class="function"><span class="params">response</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(response, <span class="number">766</span>);</span><br><span class="line">                resolve(response);</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">            .catch(<span class="function"><span class="params">e</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                reject(e);</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>3、使用 fetch 的 post，提交表单(FormData)</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">通用 提交表单</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">*/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> fetchPostForm = (url:string, <span class="attr">values</span>:object=&#123;&#125;): <span class="built_in">Promise</span>&lt;IRestRes&gt; =&gt; &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Promise</span>(<span class="function">(<span class="params">resolve, reject</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">const</span> formData = <span class="keyword">new</span> FormData();</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="built_in">Object</span>.keys(values).forEach(<span class="function"><span class="params">key</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;<span class="comment">//手动构造 FormData</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">const</span> vl = values[key];</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (vl) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">if</span> (vl.constructor !== <span class="built_in">Array</span>) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                    formData.append(key, vl);</span><br><span class="line">                &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                    <span class="comment">// 数组的数据</span></span><br><span class="line">                    <span class="comment">//  console.log(' 是数组，多个文件')</span></span><br><span class="line">                    <span class="keyword">const</span> fileList = vl;</span><br><span class="line">                    <span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="keyword">let</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; fileList.length; i++) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                        <span class="keyword">const</span> item = fileList[i];</span><br><span class="line">                        <span class="comment">// console.log('每个文件内容',item,i, '数组长度',fileList.length)</span></span><br><span class="line">                        formData.append(key, item);</span><br><span class="line">                    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">                &#125;</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">        initialFetch( url, &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            method: <span class="string">"POST"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">            body: formData <span class="comment">// data can be `string` or &#123;object&#125;!</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">            .then(<span class="function"><span class="params">response</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(response, <span class="number">766</span>);</span><br><span class="line">                resolve(response);</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">            .catch(<span class="function"><span class="params">e</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                reject(e);</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>4、使用 fetch 获取文件流</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">通用 fetchGetFile 获取文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">*/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> fetchGetFile = (api:string, params?:obejct): <span class="built_in">Promise</span>&lt;IRestRes&gt; =&gt; &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> url = <span class="keyword">new</span> URL(api);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Promise</span>(<span class="function">(<span class="params">resolve, reject</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">const</span> finalOps = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            headers: <span class="keyword">new</span> Headers(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">                Authorization: myToken,</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">"Access-Control-Allow-Origin"</span>: BASE_URL,<span class="comment">//服务端必须响应 该header，否则无法获取到 Content-Disposition</span></span><br><span class="line">            &#125;),</span><br><span class="line">            ...params</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">        fetch(url, finalOps)</span><br><span class="line">            .then(<span class="keyword">async</span> res =&gt; &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment">// <span class="doctag">TODO:</span>拦截所有响应， 处理 token 失效等情况 responseMiddleware</span></span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">const</span> contentDisposition = res.headers.get(<span class="string">"Content-Disposition"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">const</span> myBlob = <span class="keyword">await</span> res.blob();</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="keyword">const</span> Ires: IRestRes = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                    data: myBlob,</span><br><span class="line">                    type: res.headers.get(<span class="string">"Content-Type"</span>),</span><br><span class="line">                    filename: <span class="built_in">decodeURI</span>(</span><br><span class="line">                        <span class="built_in">String</span>(contentDisposition).replace(<span class="string">"attachment;filename="</span>, <span class="string">""</span>) || <span class="string">""</span></span><br><span class="line">                    )</span><br><span class="line">                &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">                resolve(Ires);</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">            .catch(<span class="function"><span class="params">e</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                reject(e);</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h1 id="三、-使用-TS创建普通的-React-组件"><a href="#三、-使用-TS创建普通的-React-组件" class="headerlink" title="三、 使用 TS创建普通的 React 组件"></a>三、 使用 TS创建普通的 React 组件</h1><p>先上完整的组件代码</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> * <span class="keyword">as</span> React <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"react"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> &#123; observer, inject &#125; <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"mobx-react"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> IStore <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"../../interface/IStore"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> SearchType <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"../../enum/SearchType"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// const styles = require("./styles/index.less");</span></span><br><span class="line">interface SearchBoxProps &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    store?: IStore;</span><br><span class="line">    placeholder?: string;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">interface SearchBoxState &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    focus: boolean;</span><br><span class="line">    focusLock: boolean;</span><br><span class="line">    searchField: SearchType;</span><br><span class="line">    words: string;</span><br><span class="line">    searching: boolean;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line">@inject(<span class="string">"store"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">@observer</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">SearchBox</span> <span class="keyword">extends</span> <span class="title">React</span>.<span class="title">Component</span>&lt;<span class="title">SearchBoxProps</span>, <span class="title">SearchBoxState</span>&gt; </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">constructor</span>(props) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">super</span>(props);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">this</span>.state = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            focus: <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line">            focusLock: <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line">            searchField: SearchType.SEARCH_FIELD_ALL,</span><br><span class="line">            words: <span class="string">""</span>,</span><br><span class="line">            searching: <span class="literal">false</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">static</span> defaultProps : &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        placeholder: <span class="string">'输入关键词并搜索'</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    onFocus = <span class="function"><span class="params">()</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">this</span>.setState(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">            focus: <span class="literal">true</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">    onBlur = <span class="function"><span class="params">()</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="keyword">this</span>.state.focusLock) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span>;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">this</span>.setState(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">            focus: <span class="literal">false</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">    onMouseEnter = <span class="function"><span class="params">()</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">this</span>.setState(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">            focusLock: <span class="literal">true</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">    onMouseLeave = <span class="function"><span class="params">()</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">this</span>.setState(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">            focusLock: <span class="literal">false</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;;</span><br><span class="line">    render() &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> (</span><br><span class="line">            &lt;div</span><br><span class="line">                onFocus=&#123;<span class="keyword">this</span>.onFocus&#125;</span><br><span class="line">                onBlur=&#123;<span class="keyword">this</span>.onBlur&#125;</span><br><span class="line">                onMouseEnter=&#123;<span class="keyword">this</span>.onMouseEnter&#125;</span><br><span class="line">                onMouseLeave=&#123;<span class="keyword">this</span>.onMouseLeave&#125;</span><br><span class="line">            /&gt;</span><br><span class="line">        );</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>有看出与普通 JS 创建React 组件的区别了吗？</p>
<p>（1）、使用泛型定义组件的 props 与 state；</p>
<p> (2)、创建默认的 state 值，必须在<code>SearchBoxState</code>已经定义，否则出错。</p>
<p> (3)、   <code>defaultProps</code> 需要使用 <code>static</code> 修饰</p>
<h1 id="四、创建-d-ts-文件"><a href="#四、创建-d-ts-文件" class="headerlink" title="四、创建 d.ts 文件"></a>四、创建 d.ts 文件</h1><p> 在项目根目录创建 typings 的文件夹，在 typings 中创建 <code>index.d.ts</code></p>
<p> 文件中输入以下内容</p>
 <figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">interface <span class="built_in">Promise</span>&lt;T&gt; &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">finally</span>: <span class="function">(<span class="params">callback</span>) =&gt;</span> <span class="built_in">Promise</span>&lt;T&gt;;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p> 由于我们在使用 fetch 请求数据时，返回的数据使用 <code>Promise&lt;IRestRes&gt;</code>返回。如果不创建上门的 <code>d.ts</code>，编辑器在编译时可能无法<code>Promise&lt;IRestRes&gt;</code>。为什么呢？</p>
<p>因为：</p>
<p>typings的存在是为了方便TypeScript识别、编译、智能提示TypeScript无法识别的JS库的特性和语法。</p>
<h1 id="五、总结"><a href="#五、总结" class="headerlink" title="五、总结"></a>五、总结</h1><p>TS在 React 的使用远不止这些，本文只是抛砖引玉，让我们对 TS 的了解更加深入，而且更是感叹 TS 的强大。</p>

      
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